Abstract
Are gender differences in economic outcomes the same everywhere? Using the most recent available data (generally from the 2021–2023 period), I consider the patterns for these gender differences and provide an annotated list of statistical sources for students and researchers to use in exploring these differences. Overall, women still work less than men in paid work, work more than men in unpaid household work, and make less than men; however, these patterns have converged somewhat, with some narrowing of work and pay gaps relative to the last part of the 20th century, and with women rapidly closing the educational-attainment gap and even exceeding men’s educational attainment in a large number of countries. Human development is correlated with reduction of gender differences even as regional disparities remain in both human development and gender differences.
Recommended Citation
Jacobsen, Joyce P.
(2024)
"Are Economic Gender Differences the Same Everywhere? Cross-Societal Comparisons in the Early 21st Century,"
Midwest Social Sciences Journal: Vol. 27:
Iss.
1, Article 5.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22543/2766-0796.1162
Available at:
https://scholar.valpo.edu/mssj/vol27/iss1/5
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