Oxidation, Fragmentation and Classification of Plastics from a Lake Michigan Sand Path

Faculty Sponsor

Dr. Julie Peller

College

College of Arts & Sciences (CAS)

Department/Program

Chemistry

Presentation Type

Poster Presentation

Symposium Date

Summer 7-22-2026

Abstract

Microplastics are particles of plastic ranging from 1µm to 5mm and nanoplastics are particles smaller than 1 µm. Micro and nanoplastics, which are both formed from the fragmentation of plastic materials that are inhaled and ingested, have been linked to negative health effects. The conditions and extend of fragmentation are not fully understood. This research has focused on understanding the fragmentation of oxidized real world plastics using techniques previously used on pure lab plastic sourced from Sigma-Aldrich; that showed the release of small liquids. Real world plastics differ from pure plastic, namely due to the presence of numerous chemical additives. Real world plastics in the environment are exposed to conditions where the surface is oxidized, a process where plastic combines with oxygen. Pieces of oxidized real world plastic weighing roughly 10-150mg were solubilized in 15 mL of DDI water and 20 µL of n-dodecane, a compound that simulates natural conditions, with some trials exposed to UV radiation for 3 hour intervals. Infrared spectroscopy was used to determine the measure of oxidation of the plastic after each solubilization. The solubilization of microplastics seems to increase fragmentation. When combined with UV it increases oxidation and seemingly further increases fragmentation, with the surface possessing a higher level of oxidation. An oxidation plateau has also been observed for plastics surface before fragmentation occurs. Further research must be done to understand this process.

Biographical Information about Author(s)

Jaden Gibson is a Valparaiso University rising senior majoring in Chemistry and minoring in Forensic Science. She began researching under Dr. Peller Fall 2025 Semester and has continued through the summer 2026. After graduation Jaden is planning on pursuing a career in Forensic Science. 

Vincent Grisolano is a Valparaiso University rising sophomore studying Chemistry. He began his research under Dr. Peller over the summer of 2025 and has decided to continue his research. Vincent is planning on entering the workforce following graduation. 

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