VLA Imaging of H i-bearing Ultra-Diffuse Galaxies from the ALFALFA Survey

Lexi Gault, Valparaiso University
Lukas Leisman, Valparaiso University
Elizabeth A.K. Adams, University of Groningen
Pavel E. Mancera Piña, University of Groningen
Kameron Reiter, Valparaiso University
Nicholas Smith, Indiana University - Bloomington
Michael Battipaglia, Valparaiso University
John M. Cannon, Macalester College
Filippo Fraternali, University of Groningen
Martha P. Haynes, Cornell University
Elizabeth McAllan, Valparaiso University
Hannah J. Pagel, Indiana University - Bloomington
Katherine L. Rhode, Indiana University - Bloomington
John J. Salzer, Indiana University - Bloomington
Quinton Singer, Macalester College

This paper is a preprint and has not completed the peer-review process. The additional files of this record are data sets in their original file format.

Abstract

Ultra-diffuse galaxies have generated significant interest due to their large optical extents and low optical surface brightnesses, which challenge galaxy formation models. Here we present resolved synthesis observations of 12 H i-bearing ultra-diffuse galaxies (HUDs) from the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA), as well as deep optical imaging from the WIYN 3.5-meter telescope at Kitt Peak National Observatory. We present the data processing and images, including total intensity H i maps and H i velocity fields. The HUDs show ordered gas distributions and evidence of rotation, important prerequisites for the detailed kinematic models in Mancera Pi˜na et al. (2019b). We compare the H i and stellar alignment and extent, and find the H i extends beyond the already extended stellar component and that the H i disk is often misaligned with respect to the stellar one, emphasizing the importance of caution when approaching inclination measurements for these extreme sources. We explore the H i mass-diameter scaling relation, and find that although the HUDs have diffuse stellar populations, they fall along the relation, with typical global H i surface densities. This resolved sample forms an important basis for more detailed study of the H i distribution in this extreme extragalactic population.