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Article Title

ANDRÉ BRETON AND J.R.R. TOLKIEN: SURREALISM, SUBCREATION AND FRODO’S DREAMS

Authors

Author #1

Abstract

Tolkien knew and correctly understood the Surrealism of André Breton and, although he did not share its fundamental theoretical assumptions, he nevertheless included surrealist dream experiences in his work through the dreams of Frodo. This thesis will be demonstrated by dividing the study into three sections:

- the first section will examine the development of Breton’s Surrealism in England and demonstrating that the Inklings were well aware of this contemporary avant-garde ;

- the second section, will explain what Surrealism meant to Breton, how well Tolkien understood this, and how his creative sub-theory turned out to be the opposite of the surrealist perspective;

- the third section, will show that, despite this diversity, the character of Frodo also includes typically modern and surrealist dream experiences.

This paper has been withdrawn.